{"title":"Immune Support Peptides","description":"\u003cp\u003ePeptides investigated for immunomodulation, antimicrobial activity, and immune system regulation. Includes thymic peptides and compounds studied for innate and adaptive immune responses.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"kpv","title":"KPV","description":"\u003ch2\u003eKPV (Lys-Pro-Val)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKPV is a synthetic C-terminal tripeptide fragment of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), comprising the amino acid sequence Lysine-Proline-Valine. It represents the minimal active sequence of α-MSH responsible for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, and has been extensively studied in preclinical research as a potent immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory peptide. Unlike full-length α-MSH, KPV lacks melanocortin receptor agonist activity at MC1R and MC4R, making it a selective tool for investigating the receptor-independent anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the α-MSH C-terminal domain.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMechanism of Action\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKPV exerts its anti-inflammatory effects through multiple mechanisms that are largely independent of classical melanocortin receptor signalling. It directly inhibits NF-κB activation in immune cells and epithelial cells by blocking IκB kinase (IKK) activity and preventing nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit, thereby suppressing the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-8. KPV also inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome and reduces caspase-1 activation, limiting IL-1β and IL-18 maturation. Additionally, KPV has demonstrated direct antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, and has been shown to penetrate intestinal epithelial cells via the PepT1 transporter, supporting its investigation in gastrointestinal inflammation research models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eResearch Applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNF-κB pathway inhibition and pro-inflammatory cytokine suppression studies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNLRP3 inflammasome modulation and caspase-1 activation research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGastrointestinal inflammation, IBD, and intestinal epithelial barrier research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePepT1-mediated peptide transport and intestinal uptake investigation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAntimicrobial peptide activity and innate immune defence research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eC₁₆H₂₈N₄O₄\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e342.43 g\/mol\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cspan\u003e67727-97-3\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e ≥98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e -20°C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eShelf Life:\u003c\/strong\u003e 24 months\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis product is intended for legitimate laboratory and analytical research use only. Not for diagnostic, therapeutic, or consumer use.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Vanta Labs","offers":[{"title":"10mg","offer_id":58103428874504,"sku":"KPV-10MG","price":19.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1049\/8886\/8872\/files\/kpv.png?v=1782918076"},{"product_id":"ll-37","title":"LL-37","description":"\u003ch2\u003eLL-37\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLL-37 is a 37-amino acid cationic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and the only known human cathelicidin, derived from the C-terminal domain of the precursor protein hCAP-18 (human cationic antimicrobial protein 18). It is produced by neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, NK cells, and epithelial cells of the skin, lung, and gastrointestinal tract, and represents a key component of the innate immune system’s first-line defence against microbial pathogens. LL-37 has been extensively studied for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, immunomodulatory functions, wound healing properties, and roles in cancer biology and autoimmune disease.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMechanism of Action\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLL-37 exerts antimicrobial activity primarily through membrane disruption: its amphipathic α-helical structure enables insertion into bacterial, fungal, and viral lipid membranes, forming pores or inducing membrane lysis via a carpet or toroidal pore mechanism. Beyond direct microbicidal activity, LL-37 modulates innate immune signalling by binding to and neutralising LPS (lipopolysaccharide) and LTA (lipoteichoic acid), preventing TLR4\/TLR2-mediated inflammatory cascades. It also acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells via FPRL1 receptor activation, promotes angiogenesis through EGFR and VEGFR signalling, and stimulates keratinocyte migration and proliferation — supporting its investigation in wound healing and tissue repair research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eResearch Applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAntimicrobial peptide (AMP) mechanism, membrane disruption, and pore formation studies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnate immune modulation, LPS neutralisation, and TLR signalling research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWound healing, keratinocyte migration, and angiogenesis investigation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCathelicidin biology and host defence peptide research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCancer biology, autoimmune disease, and inflammatory signalling models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eC₂₀₅H₃₄₀N₆₀O₅₃\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 4493.3 g\/mol\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 154947-66-7\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e ≥98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e -20°C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eShelf Life:\u003c\/strong\u003e 24 months\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis product is intended for legitimate laboratory and analytical research use only. Not for diagnostic, therapeutic, or consumer use.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Vanta Labs","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":58103429333256,"sku":"LL37-5MG","price":29.95,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1049\/8886\/8872\/files\/ll-37-redo.png?v=1782916184"},{"product_id":"thymalin","title":"Thymalin","description":"\u003ch2\u003eThymalin\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThymalin is a polypeptide thymic bioregulator isolated from the thymus glands of cattle, developed as part of the pioneering peptide bioregulator research programme led by Professor Vladimir Khavinson at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. As a natural thymic extract, Thymalin contains a complex of low-molecular-weight peptides that have been investigated for their capacity to restore and modulate immune function, particularly in the context of age-related immunosenescence. It represents one of the earliest and most studied peptide bioregulators in the Russian gerontological research tradition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMechanism of Action\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThymalin is hypothesised to act by restoring the functional activity of T-lymphocytes and normalising the ratio of T-helper to T-suppressor cells. Its constituent peptides are thought to interact with nuclear chromatin in thymus-dependent immune cells, modulating gene expression associated with lymphocyte differentiation and proliferation. Preclinical studies have demonstrated effects on IL-2 production, NK cell activity, and the restoration of thymic hormone levels in aged subjects, consistent with a broad immunorestoration mechanism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eResearch Applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAge-related immunosenescence and thymic involution research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eT-lymphocyte differentiation and functional restoration studies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNK cell activity and innate immune modulation investigation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeptide bioregulator mechanism and epigenetic research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLongevity and healthy ageing preclinical models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eC₃₃H₅₄N₁₂O₁₅\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e858.86 g\/mol\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e63958-90-7\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e ≥98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e -20°C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eShelf Life:\u003c\/strong\u003e 24 months\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis product is intended for legitimate laboratory and analytical research use only. Not for diagnostic, therapeutic, or consumer use.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Vanta Labs","offers":[{"title":"10mg","offer_id":58103431987464,"sku":"THYMAL-10MG","price":24.9,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"20mg","offer_id":58103432020232,"sku":"THYMAL-20MG","price":41.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1049\/8886\/8872\/files\/thymalin_1b6e1325-548a-4b7d-a7c1-96f9025bf57a.png?v=1782893294"},{"product_id":"thymosin-alpha-1","title":"Thymosin Alpha-1","description":"\u003ch2\u003eThymosin Alpha-1\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a 28-amino acid peptide naturally derived from prothymosin alpha, a protein produced by the thymus gland. First isolated and characterised in the 1970s, Tα1 has been extensively studied for its role in modulating innate and adaptive immune responses. It is one of the most well-characterised immunomodulatory peptides in the research literature, with a broad body of preclinical and clinical data supporting its investigation across infectious disease, oncology, and immunodeficiency models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMechanism of Action\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThymosin Alpha-1 exerts its immunomodulatory effects primarily through activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), particularly TLR2 and TLR9, on dendritic cells and macrophages. This triggers downstream signalling via MyD88 and NF-κB pathways, promoting the maturation of dendritic cells and enhancing T-cell differentiation — particularly towards Th1 responses. Tα1 also upregulates MHC class I and II expression, augments natural killer (NK) cell activity, and has been shown to modulate cytokine profiles including IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eResearch Applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInnate and adaptive immune response modulation studies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation research\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eT-cell differentiation and Th1\/Th2 balance investigation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNK cell activity and cytotoxicity assays\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInfectious disease and immunodeficiency preclinical models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eC₁₂₉H₂₁₅N₃₃O₅₅\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 3108.4 g\/mol\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 62304-98-7\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e ≥98%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e -20°C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eShelf Life:\u003c\/strong\u003e 24 months\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis product is intended for legitimate laboratory and analytical research use only. Not for diagnostic, therapeutic, or consumer use.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Vanta Labs","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":58103432053000,"sku":"TA1-5MG","price":29.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mg","offer_id":58103432085768,"sku":"TA1-10MG","price":40.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1049\/8886\/8872\/files\/Vanta_Labs_Thymosin_Alpha-1_Vial.png?v=1783028687"}],"url":"https:\/\/vantalabsuk.com\/collections\/immune-support-peptides.oembed","provider":"Vanta Labs","version":"1.0","type":"link"}